See jaruga on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"яруга",
"яруга#Russian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ru:яруга",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Russian\", \"term\" : \"яруга\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ru\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"jaruga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"jaruga\">\nBorrowed from Russian яруга (jaruga).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian яруга (jaruga).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarudze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarudze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "jaruga f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ja‧ru‧ga"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ja‧ru‧ga"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "pl:Landforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"deep, muddy ravine"
],
"id": "en-jaruga-pl-noun-WWKoEisf",
"links": [
[
"deep",
"deep"
],
[
"muddy",
"muddy"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or Zagórze) deep, muddy ravine"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zagórze Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thicket, copse"
],
"id": "en-jaruga-pl-noun-2wizxc-9",
"links": [
[
"thicket",
"thicket"
],
[
"copse",
"copse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) thicket, copse"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jaˈru.ɡa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jaˈru.ɡa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈja.ru.ɡa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɡa"
}
],
"word": "jaruga"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "jerug"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"یارق",
"یارق#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"yarık",
"yarık#Turkish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "یارق",
"tr": "yarık"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یارق (yarık)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "yarık"
},
"expansion": "Turkish yarık",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یارق (yarık), whence Turkish yarık.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jàruga",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ја̀руга",
"links": [
[
"ја̀руга",
"јаруга"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun-fem-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jàruga",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "jàruga f (Cyrillic spelling ја̀руга)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jarug"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun-fem-a"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ravine, gorge"
],
"id": "en-jaruga-sh-noun-OsHVLaeY",
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"gorge",
"gorge"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jǎruɡa/"
}
],
"word": "jaruga"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Russian",
"Polish terms derived from Russian",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɡa",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɡa/3 syllables",
"Zagórze Polish",
"pl:Landforms"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"яруга",
"яруга#Russian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ru:яруга",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Russian\", \"term\" : \"яруга\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ru\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"jaruga\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"jaruga\">\nBorrowed from Russian яруга (jaruga).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian яруга (jaruga).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarudze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarudze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "jaruga f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ja‧ru‧ga"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ja‧ru‧ga"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses",
"Zagórze Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"deep, muddy ravine"
],
"links": [
[
"deep",
"deep"
],
[
"muddy",
"muddy"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or Zagórze) deep, muddy ravine"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"thicket, copse"
],
"links": [
[
"thicket",
"thicket"
],
[
"copse",
"copse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) thicket, copse"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jaˈru.ɡa/"
},
{
"ipa": "[jaˈru.ɡa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈja.ru.ɡa]",
"note": "Zagórze"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɡa"
}
],
"word": "jaruga"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "jerug"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"یارق",
"یارق#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"yarık",
"yarık#Turkish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "یارق",
"tr": "yarık"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یارق (yarık)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "yarık"
},
"expansion": "Turkish yarık",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یارق (yarık), whence Turkish yarık.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jàruga",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ја̀руга",
"links": [
[
"ја̀руга",
"јаруга"
]
],
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun-fem-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jaruge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jarugama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jàruga",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "jàruga f (Cyrillic spelling ја̀руга)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jarug"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun-fem-a"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"ravine, gorge"
],
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
],
[
"gorge",
"gorge"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jǎruɡa/"
}
],
"word": "jaruga"
}
Download raw JSONL data for jaruga meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: archaic or Zagórze",
"path": [
"jaruga"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "jaruga",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: archaic or Zagórze",
"path": [
"jaruga"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "jaruga",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.